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力士樂(lè)高頻響比例閥M-3SEW6U37/420MG24N9K4是比例閥中動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)性能最接近伺服閥的一種產(chǎn)品，雖然頻率和敏感度比不上伺服閥，但是它無(wú)零位死區(qū)、高精度、高頻響、對(duì)油液的清潔度要求比伺服閥低，因此它具有更高的工作可靠性。
采用力士樂(lè)高頻響比例閥M-3SEW6U37/420MG24N9K4時(shí)應(yīng)同時(shí)采用蓄能器或增設(shè)緩沖回路以消除液壓沖擊，因?yàn)楣苈返臎_擊也影響著高頻響比例閥的穩(wěn)定響應(yīng)。油路長(zhǎng)度是否合理、管路壁厚是否合理、管路是否緊固、直接影響到管路的固有頻率，從而影響著比例閥的穩(wěn)定響應(yīng)。
一、高頻響比例閥M-3SEW6U37/420MG24N9K4工作原理
下面以某鋼鐵廠(chǎng)煉鐵分廠(chǎng)爐頂料流調(diào)節(jié)閥液壓控制系統(tǒng)采用的高頻響比例控制為例來(lái)說(shuō)明，基本結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1。
這是BOSCHRESROTH公司生產(chǎn)的一種直接作用滑閥式比例閥，驅(qū)動(dòng)是帶位置反饋和放大器的電磁鐵。工作原理如圖2所示，高頻響比例電磁鐵驅(qū)動(dòng)閥芯，位移由位置傳感器反饋，由內(nèi)置電子線(xiàn)路進(jìn)行閥芯的閉環(huán)控制。經(jīng)計(jì)算機(jī)運(yùn)算處理后執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)作的電氣信號(hào)由放大器放大后，電磁鐵線(xiàn)圈中就有電流通過(guò)，在電液轉(zhuǎn)換器中將電氣信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成液壓信號(hào)，使比例閥主閥芯移動(dòng)。一個(gè)帶放大器的系統(tǒng)，比無(wú)放大器的系統(tǒng)重復(fù)精度要高得多，而精度直接與放大器的增益有關(guān)。
由圖3可以看出，由實(shí)際輸出的速度和位置所對(duì)應(yīng)的液壓信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)變成電氣信號(hào)，與計(jì)算機(jī)所給的指令系統(tǒng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行比較，得出的電氣信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成液壓信號(hào)得出油缸的輸出，這個(gè)輸出是個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)不斷調(diào)整的過(guò)程。
該調(diào)節(jié)閥的輸入控制信號(hào)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4～20mA電流，通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)信號(hào)電流的大小控制液流的方向和流量大小。比例閥的中間位為12mA，此時(shí)閥的開(kāi)度為0;12～20mA為正向開(kāi)度控制（正向0～較大開(kāi)度），12～4mA為反向開(kāi)度控制（反向0～較大開(kāi)度）。接口控制原理圖見(jiàn)圖4。
其流量輸出穩(wěn)態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)特性無(wú)中位死區(qū)，它允許的油液污染等級(jí)按NAS1638標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為7、8、9級(jí)，采用βx=75的過(guò)濾器就可以達(dá)到要求，它的滯
環(huán)≤0.2%，制造公差<10%，響應(yīng)時(shí)間（信號(hào)）≤25ms，溫漂在ΔT=40℃時(shí)，零點(diǎn)位移量<1%。負(fù)載腔達(dá)80%供油壓力，工作頻寬和性能已達(dá)高水準(zhǔn)的伺服閥，而成本只是伺服閥的1/3。
二、故障分析
1、閥門(mén)反應(yīng)速度太慢，動(dòng)態(tài)失效，原因可能是閥太臟，節(jié)流孔被堵住，不過(guò)較好不要自己拆，應(yīng)該找廠(chǎng)家配合清洗伺服閥。
2、油路通，卻無(wú)法靜載啟動(dòng)即系統(tǒng)無(wú)法平衡可能是密封件失效，更換密封件即可。
3、測(cè)試時(shí)油缸出現(xiàn)抖動(dòng)，經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)試程序時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)放大器的增益太高，適當(dāng)減小放大器的增益不會(huì)對(duì)系統(tǒng)有影響，不過(guò)也不能太低，否則系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)不穩(wěn)定。高頻響比例控制閥的調(diào)節(jié)主要是靠放大器的調(diào)節(jié)。
4、在調(diào)試過(guò)程中，遇到油缸速度低并且有時(shí)不能驅(qū)動(dòng)的現(xiàn)象時(shí)，排除液壓系統(tǒng)的故障后，經(jīng)查找發(fā)現(xiàn)是由于伺服放大器的供電線(xiàn)路過(guò)長(zhǎng)、且供電線(xiàn)路線(xiàn)徑過(guò)小，使得閥門(mén)在工作時(shí)供電電流增加引起線(xiàn)路壓降增大，從而使得到放大器的驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓低于系統(tǒng)要求的規(guī)定值使閥門(mén)無(wú)法被驅(qū)動(dòng)。后更換了放大器的供電電纜（由4×0.75mm2更換為4×2.5mm2的控制電纜）后問(wèn)題得以解決.
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